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Resveratrol
Protykin; standardized resveratrol
Protykin® is a high potency 200:1 standardized Polygonum cuspidatum extract, a powerful antioxidant and cardioprotectant that contains 50% phystoestrogens (natural plant estrogens). As a phytoestrogen, Protykin® helps maintain normal estrogen activity, reduce hot flashes, balance mood swings and promote healthy bone density. Derived from the root of Polygonum cuspidatum, an herb used in traditional Chinese medicine, Protykin® contains more than 1,000-times the amount of the same antioxidant ingredient in red wine that is believed to promote cardiovascular health and reduce the effects of premature aging.
Resveratrol benefits
Promotes normal estrogen activity
Reduces hot flashes
Balances mood swings
Promotes healthy bone density
Promotes cardiovascular health
Helps prevent the effects of premature aging
Upregulation of oxidant-induced VEGF expression in cultured keratinocytes by a grape seed proanthocyanidin extract.
Khanna S, Roy S, Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Sen CK. Free Radic Biol Med. 2001 Jul 1;31(1):
Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
Angiogenesis plays a central role in wound healing. Among many known growth factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is believed to be the most prevalent, efficacious, and long-term signal that is known to stimulate angiogenesis in wounds. The wound site is rich in oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide mostly contributed by neutrophils and macrophages. Proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins are a group of biologically active polyphenolic bioflavonoids that are synthesized by many plants. This study provides first evidence showing that natural extracts such as grape seed proanthocyanidin extract containing 5000 ppm resveratrol (GSPE) facilitates oxidant-induced VEGF expression in keratinocytes. Using a ribonuclease protection assay (RPA), the ability of GSPE to regulate oxidant-induced changes in several angiogenesis-related genes were studied. While mRNA responses were studied using RPA, VEGF protein release from cells to the culture medium was studied using ELISA. Pretreatment of HaCaT keratinocytes with GSPE upregulated both hydrogen peroxide as well as TNF-alpha-induced VEGF expression and release. The current results suggest that GSPE may have beneficial therapeutic effects in promoting dermal wound healing and other related skin disorders.
Phytoestrogen regulation of a Vitamin D3 receptor promoter and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 actions in human breast cancer cells.
Wietzke JA, Welsh J. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Feb;84(2-3):149-57.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)), a steroid hormone derived from Vitamin D(3), is a negative growth regulator of breast cancer cells, and Vitamin D(3) analogs represent a novel treatment approach for human cancer. Elucidation of Vitamin D(3) receptor (VDR) regulation may reveal strategies to sensitize cancer cells to the effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) and Vitamin D(3) analogs. We have previously characterized an estrogen responsive promoter region (800 bp upstream of exon 1c) in the human VDR gene, and the present studies examined regulation of this VDR promoter region by two phytoestrogens, resveratrol (present in red wine) and genistein (present in soy). We transiently transfected a VDR promoter luciferase construct into the estrogen receptor (ER) positive human breast cancer cell lines T47D and MCF-7, and treated with 0.4-4 microM resveratrol or 5-500 nM genistein.
Resveratrol and Vitamin D3; effective cancer fighters
Both phytoestrogens up-regulated the transcription of the VDR promoter, as measured by reporter gene activity, approximately two-fold compared to vehicle treated cells. Co-treatment with the anti-estrogen tamoxifen (TAM) in T47D cells and transfection in an estrogen receptor negative breast cancer cell line demonstrated that the effects of phytoestrogens on the VDR promoter are dependent on estrogen receptor. Resveratrol and genistein also increased VDR protein expression as detected by Western blotting. Treatment with resveratrol had no effect on cell number or cell cycle profile, while treatment with genistein increased cell number. Because resveratrol could up-regulate VDR without increasing breast cancer cell growth, we hypothesized that resveratrol mediated increase in VDR expression would sensitize breast cancer cells to the effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) and Vitamin D(3) analogs. In support of this hypothesis, both T47D and MCF-7 cells pre-treated with resveratrol exhibited increased VDR mediated transactivation of a Vitamin D(3) responsive promoter compared to cells pre-treated with vehicle. In addition, co-treatment with resveratrol enhanced the growth inhibitory effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) and the Vitamin D(3) analog EB1089. These data support the concept that dietary factors, such as phytoestrogens, may impact on breast cancer cell sensitivity to Vitamin D(3) analogs through regulation of the VDR promoter.
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